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Step-by-step build — 10 steps. Also available as a print sheet.
Follow the cut diagram and cut list, cut the parts for the bed. Wait to cut the molding until the headboard and foot board are assembled.
Measure/mark in 4" from each side of the footboard panel and 3" from the top/bottom. Use wood glue and 1" brad nails to secure the molding to the panel. Optional cove panel molding - cut to fit 1/2" cove molding to the outside perimeter of the footboard panel. Use wood glue and 1" brad nails to secure the molding to the frame/panel.
To add a little style, trim 1/4" on a 45 deg off of the top board corners. Center the top board on the headboard or foot board then glue and secure with 2" brad nails or 1 1/4" screws. Optional top cove molding - cut to fit 3/4" cove molding under the top board around the perimeter of the headboard/foot board. Use wood glue and 1" brad nails to secure the molding in place. Cove molding is easy to DIY with a router table and cove router bit.
I added some detail to the bed rail by routing a shape on the top and bottom of the bed rail boards. Another idea to add detail would be adding trim/molding to the top and bottom of the bed rail. The bed rail can also be left plain.
Pre-drill holes in the rail support. If using bed rail hardware, offset the rail support from the bed rail end approximately 1 1/2". Use wood glue and 2" screws to attach the rail support to the bed rail. If using bed rail hardware, attach it to the bed rail, or drill pocket holes in the ends of the bed rails.