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Step-by-step build — 5 steps. Also available as a print sheet.
Rip the plywood for the top, verticals, and shelves to 11-1/4" wide on the table saw, then crosscut each to length. Edge-band the exposed long front edge of each piece now, while it's still a flat, unobstructed panel — trim the banding flush once it's applied.
Position the two interior verticals to divide the cabinet into three equal bays. Drill pocket holes and attach the verticals between the top and where the bottom shelf will sit, with glue at every joint.
Attach the shelves within each bay with pocket holes and glue, keeping all shelf heights consistent across the three bays.
Attach the 1x3 bay supports along the underside of the shelves, tying them to the back edge — this is what keeps a plywood shelf span from sagging over time.
Nail the plywood back on with 1-1/4" brad nails and glue, checking the whole cabinet for square right before it goes on. Fill any fastener holes, sand, and paint.